Themes in a tree grows in brooklyn

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"A Tree Grows in Brooklyn," a book by Betty Smith is a book about the journey through adolescence into adulthood, mainly in the life of a young girl named Francie Nolan. Three main themes in this book are poverty and social status, education, and mainly, perseverance through hardships. These three ideas make up the vast majority of the novel. Poverty and social status is key to understanding this entire novel. When the book opens, Francie Nolan is 11 years of age. The narrator, Francie, and many characters in the book give their views on the neighborhood in which the Nolan's live, Williamsburg, Brooklyn. The author, who writes in third person omniscient, gives you and insight of everyone's perspective to the setting. In all their views, the neighborhood is indeed a poor neighborhood filled with poverty and many immigrants. Poverty and a low social standard do not keep Francie from achieving. Francie and her younger brother Neeley go to the garbage dump once a week, like many other poor children, and collect anything that could be of some worth and bring it to the junk man. He gives the children a few cents for aluminum, and then decides how much everything else is worth. The junk man also gives out "pinching pennies." To receive a pinching penny, you must not move or squirm when he gives you a little pinch on the check. Francie was always very good at not moving, and she always got her pinching penny. There is also Cheap Charlie's. At Cheap Charlie's, the poor children can use their few pennies and get candy and junky little prizes. All these things show poverty in the Nolans surroundings. At school, Francie is persecuted because she is not a rich girl. She has to sit in the back of most classes, because the teachers favor the rich children over the poor children. Even on top of all of this, Francie still enjoys learning, and strives to be very smart, which she is indeed. Education is also a very important theme in this story, mostly in the case of Francie. Francie is a very smart girl. She goes to the library every single day, and is determined to read each book there, in alphabetical order, and then read them all over again, and again. As stated in the last paragraph, Francie was persecuted at her first school because she wasn't rich. Teachers were nicer to the more fortunate, yet Francie still managed to show how intelligent she was. Eventually Francie got tired of all the unfairness, and while taking a walk in a very nice neighborhood, she saw a beautiful school. She brought her father there the next day and told him she really wanted to attend school there. He said they would find and address in that neighborhood, and write a letter to the principal of Francie's present school saying they were moving there that way the school would let her attend the new school. The plan worked, even thought Katie didn't like the idea, and Francie began attending the new school. People were a lot nicer there, and Francie loved it. She began to excel, and was very happy. She made it through that hardship, and many more before and after that. Perseverance through hardship is the main theme of this novel. There were many hardships in 6 years of Francie Nolan's life you read about in this book. Her father was an alcoholic. Francie love him very much, and he was a kind and gentle man, yet he had a drinking problem and was not a reliable source of income for the family. Katie Nolan, the mother, had the steady job and supported the family. Money was usually tight, but Francie and Neeley found many ways to manage. During Christmastime, the family could not afford a Christmas tree, and so on Christmas Eve, Francie and Neeley went down to the tree lot, and the man there throws a tree out and whoever catches it and can stay standing gets the tree for free. Francie and Neeley got the tree, and made it through that very happy. There were many instances in the novel where the Nolans didn't have much money for food, and would always get the stale bread, the tounges of meat, the crushed dessert, and things like that. The children were happy with what they could get, and they all persevered throught the hardships of their life. When Johonny dies, it is a turning point in the book for this is when Mr. McShane asks Katie to marry him. He is a successful man and will beable to support the new baby Laurie. The children comment that she will not have to worry about things like they did, but that she will not have near as much fun. This showed that through everything, Francie and Neeley did indeed have fun and loved their Life.

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Poverty and social class, education, and perseverance throughout hardships as you can see are the main themes of the novel. They are the pillars to the book, and without them, the book would be nothing. These three ideas give us an inside view on the characters lives and are incredibly important aspects in this wonderful novel. Please note that this sample paper on themes in a tree grows in brooklyn is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on themes in a tree grows in brooklyn, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on themes in a tree grows in brooklyn will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Henry V EssayTopic: Discuss how Kenneth Branagh, in his filming of the play, ensures that his audience fully appreciates the many sides of Henry's character

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Henry V EssayTopic: Discuss how Kenneth Branagh, in his filming of the play, ensures that his audience fully appreciates the many sides of Henry's character. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Henry V EssayTopic: Discuss how Kenneth Branagh, in his filming of the play, ensures that his audience fully appreciates the many sides of Henry's character paper right on time.

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In Kenneth Branagh's film Henry V he ensures that his audience fully appreciates the many sides of Henry's character. The movie shows Henry in various roles that allow the audience to see a well-rounded picture of him. He is portrayed as a king, fighter, dispenser of justice, religious, merciful, manipulative, betrayer and knowledgeable. This is done through the traditional play being converted into a movie and Kenneth adding his own personal interpretations of how the play should be viewed.Henry is portrayed as a ruthless good king which contains many qualities within it. The play opens with a silhouette and a sharp focus on Henry. The nobles bow down to Henry which suggests that he is accepted as king. The predominant concern of Henry V is the nature of leadership and his responsibility towards ethics. He is an excellent leader of England who through his inspiring speeches conquers France despite being outnumbered considerably. In the scene before England are to fight Henry makes a spectacular speech in which all of his army are completely concentrated on him which suggests he is respected by a vast majority. In the movie Henry is also portrayed as heroic because he fights with his army and takes the same risks that his men are taking. His inspiration which he passes onto his army leads to the success of the English army and helps Henry to achieve a heroic status.Branagh also portrays Henry as being a betrayer. In becoming a great king, he is forced to act as though he is better than the common man and cannot have any association with this type of person, as it might seem immoral and even unforgivable. In order for Henry to be seen as an appropriate and great leader he has to betray friends such as Falstaff, Bardolph and Mistress Quickly. In the movie Branagh has flashbacks which are shown in a brownish colour that informs the audience of his past friendship with these people. He betrays his once friends by his total denial of association with Falstaff and his agreement to the hanging of Bardolph for petty theft. In the movie Bardolph looks at him as though Henry is his last hope. Henry cannot allow him to get away with his crime because he cannot have his army misbehaving.Henry is also shown to be manipulative through many of his actions. Although a rather negative quality, manipulation is necessary in his position because he is responsible for the well-being and stability of his entire nation and must put aside his person feelings, desires, dislikes etc. Henry is made to look merciful by letting a man who was drunk and ridiculing his name out of seizure and not executing him. He is then manipulative by giving letters to Cambridge, Scrope and Grey which are supposed to detail their orders for war but instead inform them of their execution. Henry had discovered that these men were plotting to assassinate him. In the movie Henry's manipulation really shows when the men read the letters. Also another example of him being manipulative is his speech to the governor of Harfluer. He tells him to give up or all the deaths that will occur will be the governor's fault. He is manipulative in the way that he shifts responsibility for the lives of the citizens to the governor.

In conclusion, Branagh's filming of the play ensures that the audience sees the many sides of Henry. Henry is an extraordinary good leader, extremely intelligent, focused and inspiring. However, more specifically he is a ruthless good king, a betrayer and manipulative. Through Branagh's filming of the play these qualities stand out significantly amongst the vast number of sides to his personality. His interpretation of the play is accurate and well delivered. Please note that this sample paper on Henry V EssayTopic: Discuss how Kenneth Branagh, in his filming of the play, ensures that his audience fully appreciates the many sides of Henry's character is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Henry V EssayTopic: Discuss how Kenneth Branagh, in his filming of the play, ensures that his audience fully appreciates the many sides of Henry's character, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Henry V EssayTopic: Discuss how Kenneth Branagh, in his filming of the play, ensures that his audience fully appreciates the many sides of Henry's character will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Black Holes

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What is really in the center of the milky way? The topic that I have chosen is black holes and the possibility that they are at the center of the milky way. A black hole is an area in space that has a very powerful gravitational pull. It is so strong that matter and light cannot escape its grasp. The main article I have chosen to use is peering at the edge of time in search of the black hole at the center of our galaxy. Other articles may be sited for back round information. I found the research of this topic both eye opening and inserting There is some back round information that has to be talked about before the main topic is discussed. Astronomers have reason to believe the black holes come in many different sizes. They use technique called velocity dispersion this gives them an idea on how large a black hole maybe. It is believed that a supper massive blacks hole evaluates from smaller black holes. Massive black holes are found at the center of most galaxies. (Kizer-Witt)It was thought at one time that black holes form after the galaxy, but new finding are proving this hypothesis wrong. They may have evolved at the same time. All host galaxies and their black hole appear to grow at the same rate. It is thought that either the black hole or the galaxy control the growth of the other. They may have feed of each other in the process. (Fazekas)

According to peering at the edge of time in search of a black hole at the center of our galaxy the first person to think that a black hole was at the center of our galaxy was J. Robert Openhimer in the 10s. The First person to correctly define what a black hole was is John A. Wheeler in 167.If you were looking at directly at the black hole you could see the principles behind Einsteins general theory of relativity. Now astronomers can look at a galactic nucleus.The Milky Ways center is going the same diction as Sagittarius. This is why the places where the center of the Milky Way is called the Sagittarius A complex. A huge structure is an emitting radio waves near the constellation. This bright dot in our galaxy is called Sagittarius A the asterisk shows its uniqueness. The fact the Sagittarius was important was unknown for sometime. This was because of dust blocking the view.When astronomers finally got a clear look at the black hole they could see that it was even brighter then they thought. They also found that there was more material then anyone could have foreseen. Its mass is about .6 million suns. Black holes are the brightest objects in the universe. This one does not show any dark spots.The black hole itself is about five solar diameters. The center of the universe is not the black hole itself. It is known that is an outpouring of radiation from Sagittarius A because it is not separated from the universe. The gas it emits by glowing is hot plasma. The holes brightness will affect the brightness other object that lay beyond it.Scientists are trying to get a clear picture, but it is too hard to get though the plasma surrounding the black hole. If they could do this, they could prove that there is definitely a black hole beyond the plasma. They think that we may be able to see an image within ten years. Scientists believe that it is a dark roughly circular shadow like body with glowing gases in the back round.

In a black hole the rays are not blocked by it they pass though the plasma and are never seen again. When rays pass the moon they are in straight lines but when they are near Sagittarius A the light is severely bent. The black holes shadow is two and a half times the size of the horizon. They is a chance that a whole universe is trapped in side the black hole but, it is not proven or disproved. Einsteins general theory of relativity said the a region has to be a certain shape and size if it bends and captures light. They are working on measuring these properties. New finding may change some of the theories we believe to be true today.I learned so much from articles I have read. Honestly before I read about this topic I knew what was said in the movies. I was not sure that they were even real. I rather quickly that they did not only exist there was research trying to explain them.I have never heard of the fact that there is a black hole in the center of most universes much less the fact that there is one in the center of the Milky Way. This is inserting and very scary at the same time. We know that black holes are all over the universe and that they consume. We also are aware of the fact that they are different shapes and sizes. What we do not know is how much it consumes and where that material goes when it is consumed. Most of them are bigger then the sun and when you are little you believe that nothing is bigger or more powerful then the sun. I did not know that black holes glow, when you hear the term black hole you think it is black. I found out many things the most important one being that there is a black hole at the center of the Milky Way. A black hole has a very strong gravitational pull. The article I use to find most of my information was peering at the edge of time in search of the black hole at the center of our galaxy. I found this information very appealing Please note that this sample paper on Black Holes is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Black Holes, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Black Holes will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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The bridge

If you order your research paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on the bridge. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality the bridge paper right on time.

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References and Bibliography.Aiuti, A.; Slavin, S.; Aker, M.; Ficara, F.; Deola, S.; Mortellaro, A.; Morecki, S.; Andolfi, G.; Tabucchi, A.; Carlucci, F.; Marinello, E.; Cattaneo, F.; Vai, S.; Servida, P.; Miniero, R.; Roncarolo, M. G.; Bordignon, C.

"Correction of ADA-SCID by stem cell gene therapy combined with nonmyeloablative conditioning". Science 6 410-41, 00. PubMed ID 108448.

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Genes and Disease . Ed. Genome Map Poster. 18. National Center for Biotechnology Information. 14 April 00. http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowSection&rid=gnd.An introduction to genetic analysis. Anthony J. F. Griffiths . . . [etal.].7th ed. New York W. H. Freeman, 1.Biology. Kimball, John W [ed.] Andover Wm. C. Brown, 14.Blaese, R. M.; Culver, K. W.; Miller, A. D.; Carter, C. S.; Fleisher, T.; Clerici, M.; Shearer, G.; Chang, L., Chiang, Y.; Tolstoshev, P.; Greenblatt, J. J.; Rosenberg, S. A.; Klein, H.; Berger, M.; Mullen, C. A.; Ramsey, W. J.; Muul, L.; Morgan, R. A.; Anderson, W. F. "T lymphocyte-directed gene therapy for ADA-SCID initial trial results after 4 years." Science 70 475-480, 15. PubMed ID 7570001.Bordignon, C.; Notarangelo, L. D.; Nobili, N.; Ferrari, G.; Casorati, G.; Panina, P.; Mazzolari, E.; Maggioni, D.; Rossi, C.; Servida, P.; Ugazio, A. G.; Mavilio, F.

"Gene therapy in peripheral blood lymphocytes and bone marrow for ADA immunodeficient patients." Science 70 470-475, 15. PubMed ID 7570000Creagan, R. P.; Tischfield, J. A.; Nichols, E. A.; Ruddle, F. H. "Autosomal assignment of the gene for the form of adenosine deaminase which is deficient in patients with combined immunodeficiency syndrome. (Letter)" Lancet II 144 only, 17. PubMed ID 418766.Ferrari, G.; Rossini, S.; Giavazzi, R.; Maggioni, D.; Nobili, N.; Soldati, M.; Ungers, G.; Mavilio, F.; Gilboa, E.; Bordignon, C.

"An in vivo model of somatic cell gene therapy for human severe combined immunodeficiency." Science 51 16-166, 11. PubMed ID 18486.Hershfield, M. S. "PEG-ADA an alternative to haploidentical bone marrow transplantation and an adjunct to gene therapy for adenosine deaminase deficiency." Hum. Mutat. 5 107-11, 15. PubMed ID 774407.Hirschhorn, R.; Chakravarti, V.; Puck, J.; Douglas, S. D. "Homozygosity for a newly identified missense mutation in a patient with very severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA-SCID)." Am. J. Hum. Genet. 4 878-885, 11. PubMed ID 16808.Hirschhorn, R.; Ellenbogen, A. "Genetic heterogeneity in adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency five different mutations in five new patients with partial ADA deficiency." Am. J. Hum. Genet. 8 1-5, 186. PubMed ID 4641.Hirschhorn, R.; Ellenbogen, A.; Tzall, S. "Five missense mutations at the adenosine deaminase locus (ADA) detected by altered restriction fragments and their frequency in ADA-patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (ADA-SCID)." Am. J. Med. Genet. 4 01-07, 1. PubMed ID 1464.Hirschhorn, R.; Levytska, V.; Parkman, R. "A mutant form of adenosine deaminase in severe combined immunodeficiency. (Abstract)' J. Clin. Invest. 5 A, 174. Hirschhorn, R.; Martiniuk, F.; Roegner-Maniscalco, V.; Ellenbogen, A.; Perignon, J.- L.; Jenkins, T.

"Genetic heterogeneity in partial adenosine deaminase deficiency." J. Clin. Invest. 71 1887-18, 18. PubMed ID 686546.Hoogerbrugge PM, Vossen JM, v Beusechem VW, Valerio D. "Treatment of patients with severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency by autologous transplantation of genetically modified bone marrow cells." Hum Gene Ther 1 Oct;(5)55-8Immunobiology the immune system in health and disease. Charles A. Janeway, Jr. ... [et al.].-- 5th ed. http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?tool=bookshelf&call=bv.View..ShowSection&searchterm=ada&rid=imm.section.d1e48774#d1e41 1 April, 00.Jhanwar, S. C.; Berkvens, T. M.; Breukel, C.; van Ormondt, H.; van der Eb, A. J.; Meera Khan, P.

"Localization of human adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene sequences to the q1-q1.11 region of chromosome 0 by in situ hybridization." Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 50 168-171, 18. PubMed ID 776485.Koch, G.; Shows, T. B. "Somatic cell genetics of adenosine deaminase expression and severe combined immunodeficiency disease in humans." Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 77 411-415, 180. PubMed ID 6468.Retroviruses. edited by John M. Coffin, Stephen H. Hughes, Harold E. Varmus.http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowSection&rid=rv1 April, 00.Rubinstein, A.; Hirschhorn, R.; Sicklick, M.; Murphy, R. A. "In vivo and in vitro effects of thymosin and adenosine deaminase on adenosine-deaminase-deficient lymphocytes." New Eng. J. Med. 00 87-, 17. PubMed ID 10515.Schuening FG, Kawahara K, Miller AD, To R, Goehle S, Stewart D, Mullally K, Fisher L, Graham TC, Appelbaum FR, et al. "Retrovirus-mediated gene transduction into long-term repopulating marrow cells of dogs." Blood 11 Nov 15;78(10)568-76.van Beusechem VW, Kukler A, Heidt PJ, Valerio D. "Long-term expression of human adenosine deaminase in rhesus monkeys transplanted with retrovirus-infected bone-marrow cells." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1 Aug 15;8(16)7640-4. Please note that this sample paper on the bridge is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on the bridge, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on the bridge will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Breathe Easy

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Breathe Easy. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Breathe Easy paper right on time.

Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Breathe Easy, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Breathe Easy paper at affordable prices!Breathe Easy Stay HealthyPeople see it everyday, in the newspapers, the movies, on the news, and even in person. People smoking and others inhaling their second-hand smoke. The laws are buckling down on this, but there is still a lot to be done. Smoking is not only bad for a person, but second-hand smoke is turning out to be even worse. Second-hand smoke is worse because it contains more of the dangerous substances found in cigarettes and more of the raw tobacco smoke, it is impossible to avoid, and it is everywhere.A person who smokes chooses to do so, but someone who inhales the smoke is not given the choice. Is it fair that ones health should suffer and it is not even their fault? The government does not think so; they are working hard to create laws and bans against public smoking. To ban public smoking would remove risks of passive smoking, reduce the risks of fire, and cut the cost of cleaning, says Liam Donaldson ("Smoking in Workplace"). People who work in bars and restaurants are most at risk for passive smoking for they deal with cigarettes constantly. It is this environment that worries the government. People who do not smoke, but simply work in an environment that allows it should not have to be at risk too.

According to chief medical officer, Liam Donaldson " Over million people become passive smokers when they go to work."("Smoking in Workplace"). A workplace could set up different areas to smoke in and good ventilation systems in those areas to help protect employees. If smoking was not allowed in the workplace the business could lower their premium on fire, because by not allowing smoking in the building, the chance of fire is decreased. Also the carpet, curtains, and office equipment would not have to be cleaned as often if smoking were not allowed. This would save businesses money, but yet the business worries those customers that smoke will not come in. The government assures that this is not a personal vendetta against those that smoke; they are just trying to look out for those that are in danger of inhaling the smoke. A lot of people are trying to quit smoking and dread going to work, because they are constantly around it. If working places became smoke free it would help those people trying to quit kick the habit. The government hopes that non-smoking will become a popular social seen and spread quickly, therefore making their job that much easier. A survey shows that food service establishments were ranked number one when it comes to exposures to second-hand smoke. ("Smoking in Food Establishments"). Roughly 0, 00 deaths are contributed to second-hand smoke, according to the survey must of these people were exposed to the second-hand smoke while at a food service establishment. If a family goes into a restaurant they want to enjoy themselves, not cough because smoke is being blown into their faces. A lot of mothers even avoid public food establishments wanting to keep their children safe. If restaurants would become smoke free, researchers believe families would dine out more often. This would bring more money into the restaurant. Plus just like a business the restaurant would have lower insurance, cleaning bills, and would keep people from breathing passive smoke. One researcher went as far to say that a smoke free restaurant seems cleaner and better managed than one that has smoking in it. If the cook smokes is a person sure he washes his hands before cooking again, if not what germs are the customers eating. Same goes for the wait staff as well after all they touch all of our plates, drinks, and etc. People want to know they are safe and that a restaurant is sanitary. A restaurant would not have to completely give up smoking, but they could make it better for non-smokers. Restaurants could put up barriers so that the smoke does not drift into non-smoking sections. They could also install more ventilation systems, put smokers in a whole separate room, and restaurants could do away with common use areas or at least make them non-smoking. People smoke several cigarettes a day and do not even realize what all they are taking into their bodies. A news report called the chemicals is cigarettes "a lethal cocktail". ("Chemicals"). According to the information just released by the British Government, cigarettes contain a paint stripper, a lighter fluid, a toilet cleaner, a poison used in gas chambers, the chemicals in mothballs, a rocket fuel, and many other chemicals. One cannot possibly know what these substances can do to a body. The American Lung Association says 0% of the population are at risk of developing lung disease from second-hand smoke. Lung Cancer kills more than ,000 Americans per year. Second-hand smoke is also the cause of fatal and nonfatal heart attacks. Second-hand smoke is the third leading cause of preventable death. Smokers argue that your going to die sometime any way so there is no such thing is preventable death. (Spittles).Work CitedAction on Smoking and Health. "Chemicals in Cigarettes and Smoke." Sept. 00http//ash.org/additives.html."Chief Medical Officer Calls for Ban on Workplace Smoking." Occupational Health. Aug. 00. Academic Search Premier. 1 Sept. 00. P 7. Spittles, Joy. Personal Interview. 1 Sept. 00.Please note that this sample paper on Breathe Easy is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Breathe Easy, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Breathe Easy will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Compare/contrast rap and rock

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'Mainstream Face-Off' There may be a great deal of differences between rock and rap music, but believe it or not, they are really very much alike. Rock has been around as a form of mainstream music since the 150's, as to where Hip-Hop never made it into mainstream until the 180's. Even though Rock is generally thought to be a white person's music, and rap is thought to be African American music, they were both originated from the same source. That source was African American blues and jazz. Rock and rap use different types of musical sounds, drumbeats, and lyrical tones to reach out to people that understand what kind of lifestyle they are portraying. Rock's musical sound is composed of guitars, drums, and vocals. It is more of a musically lyrical sound that generally mirrors the sound of the music being played. In the fifties, it was considered a rebellion for teenagers to listen to rock music. Its lyrics brought the idea of real life struggles, the fast-life, and partying to the general public. The adults of the time thought it was a terrible new thing that was sure to die out with time. Some places even banned rock music because of its so-called 'vulgarity'. Controversy and protest only made the music loved more by the younger generation. In many ways, rap has gone and still is going trough the same struggles that rock did. Rap became a mainstream phenomena in the eighty's. It's another type of lifestyle known as 'growing up in the hood' that is portrayed. Rap is less musical lyrically than Rock, but is still used as a way of expressing struggles in life. Very much like rock, rap uses it's lyrics to reach out to the world and tell about what really goes on in parts of the world that aren't portrayed on television or in the news. Some rap music shows a great deal of anger and some a great deal of joy and satisfaction just like rock does. Just as rock did, rap has gone through a great deal of criticism from parents. Many thought of rap when it first was introduced as a terrible kind of music that would never last. Again, the more controversy and protest, the more popular it became.

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Both rap and rock have proven the critics wrong about their failing predictions. Though their sound is much different from one another, they both reach out to people in the same way. Rap music reaches out to mainly the African American communities that can relate to some of the struggles expressed in its lyrics; whereas rock music usually reaches out to mostly white Americans that have the same kind of relation to rock as blacks do to rap. Although both types of music reach out mostly to an ideal race, there are also great deals of whites that can relate to rap music better than they can to rock. And there are also many blacks that relate to rock better than they can to rap. Then there are some people that can relate to both kinds of music. I myself love both rock and rap the same. I am sometimes in the mood for rock and sometimes for rap. For me, they touch every angle of my emotions which is another reason they relate to each other so much. Both rock and rap amaze many people in their own ways. Rock is amazing to the extent that some singers have amazing voices and very deeply emotional lyrics. In my opinion, the most amazing thing about rock music is the musical talent of the guitarists and drummers. It takes a great deal of talent to make beautiful music with a guitar and drums. Vocals give the song more depth and meaning, but a rock song will not catch a person's ear if the music doesn't sound exceptionally good. Also, a vocalist in a rock band must have a good singing voice that collaborates well with the music being played. Rap amazes many people due to a person's ability to rhyme words together quickly and explain a story or feelings at the same time. A list of lyrics for a rap song is generally much longer than lyrics for a rock song. That is due to the fact that raps tempo is generally much faster than that of a rock song. Rappers are praised on their ability to keep their lyrical flow steady by rhyming words together to a beat. They do this in a way that is quick-witted and understandable. In conclusion, rock and rap are very different from each other to the naked eye. If you look a little deeper into them both and where they come from, you can see that there really is a relation other than the fact that they are both mainstream kinds of music. They both are great ways to express anger, love, hate, and many other emotions that people deal with every single day. They both consist of many great people that have touched peoples in the past and now in the present. Rock and rap have made it through the rough times and will be around as long as music is. Please note that this sample paper on compare/contrast rap and rock is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on compare/contrast rap and rock, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on compare/contrast rap and rock will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Responders form mean from texts

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the "truth" by those in positions of power and influence, such as thesatirical "Frontline" series, which parodies contemporary current-affairs programs. Whilst anewspaper article entitled "Chopping decision to use a psychology student, rather thanexpert, and "…just slap him in front of a bookcase…" is a further example by the conversation between Jas

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and Brooke. When Jas question's Brooke as to whether or not the story really was about aSportswoman being dropped for poor form, Brooke sarcastically responds "There's a lead storyJas, Player dropped due to bad form. That's groundbreaking stuff". During the interview withAllison, the sportswoman, Brooke prompts "…how many of team have it in for you…" to whichAllison replies "Most of them". However, shortly after the interview, Brooke rephrases thequestion to "How many of the team are gay?" lending the interview a new meaning, a meaningwhich was not originally intended to be portrayed and one which has been created through falserepresentation. Again highlighting the way in which representation influences and shapesmeaning. This use of comic exaggeration and contrast, typical of parody, raises questions aboutthe ethics of journalism while demonstrating the power which the media holds. The power tomanipulate, influence and subvert the "truth" whilst "tarnishing the reputations" of the "smallfish" involved, and in effect impeding society's access to the "truth" however subjective it maybe."This Night of Nights" supports the assertion that our access to the truth is impeded by thepowerful, and emphasises the domination the powerful and influential have over this "truth".After discovering that that Telecom has been "bugging" people's telephone calls, the FrontlineTeam prepare an expos, believing that it is their duty "to inform the public, regardless of theconsequences", however this attitude is soon abandoned when, Telecom, one of Frontline'smajor sponsors, asserts it's influence upon the Team's directors. Again, the hierarchical powerstructure of the media is highlighted, exposing the hypocrisy of the industry and questioning theethics of journalism, a subject commonly explored in "Frontline's" satirical parody of actualcurrent-affairs programs. Satirical techniques such as irony play a major role in "This Night ofNights", as evidenced by Brian's comment "…As the media we have a duty to report what welearn, not sit back and decide what people should and shouldn't know", contrasting with theactions of the Frontline team, as this is precisely what they do. Mike Moore's comment, "So wego from attacking to endorsing them?" accurately describes the influence which the powerful, inthis case Telecom, have in controlling, manipulating and selectively choosing the "Truths" to berepresented. This selectivity of representation means that often the meaning of a text can bechanged dramatically. It can therefore be clearly seen that our access to the "truth" is indeedimpeded, hampered or even completely denied by the powerful.The television series "Changi" has been criticised as an "appropriation of history, (intended) tosuit the sensitivities of television audiences", an appropriation which has been subject to themanipulation and influence of the powerful. Christopher Bantick, a senior lecturer of History atMelbourne's Trinity Grammar school, believes that "Changi will do nothing for the much neededdevelopment of a secure and well researched sense of Australian history" which explores thebrutal and inhumane treatment of Australian Prisoner's of War at Changi, a statement supportedby the casualty figures of Changi. Of the 0,000 P.O.W's captured by the Japanese, only 14,15survived, nearly a third of all P.O.W's died at Changi. This horrid and brutal atmosphere of theP.O.W camp is not conveyed or expressed to audiences in the television series "Changi" and isindicative of the way in which our access to the "truth" is impeded by the powerful, as the visualrepresentation of the realities (or non-realities) of "Changi" influflight receipts which allegedly prove that Versace could not havemet with Monte. It is believed that this case provides a clear example of the ways in which ouraccess to the truth is impeded by the powerful. The huge power which a company such asVersace posses in influencing the media surely demonstrates that the factual "truth" is oftensuppressed for either financial gain or positive representation and consequentially society'saccess to the "truth" is limited and in the hands of the powerful.and coupled with thenewspaper text "Journalists targeted in Afghanistan", illustrate the fact the powerful have theability to impede our access to the truth not only Please note that this sample paper on Responders form mean from texts is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Responders form mean from texts, we are here to assist you. Your college papers on Responders form mean from texts will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Leonardo da Vinci "The Arno River Challenge"

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As one of the greatest men in recent history , Leonardo da Vinci's genius remains unbounded by time and technology. By helping to set an ignorant and superstitious world on a course of reason, Leonardo's spirit lives on to influence the inventors, artists, and art patrons of our own time. This paper is about the design to divert the Arno River to

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fortify city of Pisa during war time. It has been 500 years since Leonardo da Vinci recorded his thoughts and designs in notebooks for us to marvel at, and within these notebooks I am interested in the "Codec Madrid II", which dealt with military architecture and Leonardo plans to divert the Arno river. The Codec Madrid were rediscovered in 165 in Madrid after being officially lost since 180. This is were the arguments become interesting. Many are unsure whether or not Leonardo da Vinci originated the design of the diversion of the Arno River to help fortify Pisa for war. There are many arguments about whether or not Leonardo originated idea to divert the Arno River. Scholars and experts alike have many different angles to this design. Experts say he would have known it was a hopeless project because of the environment, war, and lack of manpower. There are many who think the Florentines came up with this design 100 years before Leonardo was born. The wars and campaigns in Italy began in the 1500's because of political conflicts between the great powers. All involved parties had to maintain the best possible defense as well as their means of attack. Since new firearms, explosives, and artillery were developing all the time, they had to alter the systems of fortifications and technical warfare became more important. It was only natural that Leonardo da Vinci with his theory and practice of architecture throughout his life should also be included to the field of defense architecture and strategic engineering studies. In 150 the Florentine Republic started a new campaign against Pisa, and here emerged the most daring plan to divert the course of the Arno river to cut off the sea access so the Pisans could not get supplies. The big question is whether Leonardo had any part in drawing this plan up or if he was just to perfect the idea. This must be left undecided. Scholars doubt that the Florentine plan to divert the Arno River was originated by Leonardo, because they said he would have know from the beginning that such a feat would be difficult in peacetime but very impossible during war time. The plan called for canals to be dug 60 feet wide and 1 feet deep to carry the river as much as 7 miles off it's normal course. Being a man of practical knowledge of time-and-motion expert and he could figure our how much digging men could do, how they ought to do it, and what it would cost. This what Leonardo wrote in Codex Madrid II I found that the complete excavation of the moat, which is, on average, 17 braccia wide, and 16 braccia deep, and 40 braccia long, reduced to square braccia, amounts to 174,080 braccia. Which reduced to square canne, amounts to 70 canne. Of which, those at the mountain, due to the difficulty offered by the rock, deserver 5 lire the canna, an amount paid on other occasions to the diggers. (Leonardo da Vinci, Madrid II 10r) With this in mind he knew he had to design a machine to help the dig process because of inefficiency of men equipped with shovels. That is where the treadmill powered digging machine design was born. All of these calculations and work was erroneous. It was said that five times the available manpower would have been necessary, according to more realistic calculations by today's experts. Besides, the work had plenty of difficulties. It seemed to be impossible to get the thousands of workers required, or to keep them working, especially since they didn't get paid on time, and the section which was completed but could not handle the mass of water that was fed to it and collapsed. By this time opinions were split amongst the commanders, so the projects came to end in October 1504. The Florentines continued fighting another five years only to surrender there city in 150.

As one of the greatest men in recent history , Leonardo da Vinci's genius remains unbounded by time and technology. His dedication to the discovery of truth and the mysteries of nature make his insightful contributions to science and technology legendary in the Renaissance period. By helping to set an ignorant and superstitious world on a course of reason, Leonardo's spirit lives on to influence the inventors, artists, and art patrons of our own time. Whether or not Leonardo originated the design to divert the Arno River doesn't matter it was he vision and challenging dedication that moves me and many others. Some might argue that such ideas in the Renaissance time period should of been too modern. They need to remember to whom there referring too. Please note that this sample paper on Leonardo da Vinci "The Arno River Challenge" is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Leonardo da Vinci "The Arno River Challenge", we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom research papers on Leonardo da Vinci "The Arno River Challenge" will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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English

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on english. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality english paper right on time.

Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in english, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your english paper at affordable prices!In Fae Myenne Ng's novel Bone, the symbolism of paper and bone are very symbolic and meaningful. In the novel, these two objects have a deep significance towards the meaning of the whole "Chinese immigrant" situation. The reference of paper in the novel symbolizes a lot about the past and how it is important to value and remember it. Paper also becomes identification and something that is used to give life and prove Leon's existence. Bones may not seem as important for people who have no immigrated to another country. For the rest of us, and especially for Chinese immigrants living in a western society, the bones of the ancestors are very important and mean a lot if they are brought back to the homeland to bury. Being Chinese and raised in a western society is not very easy, and being Chinese, I find that many of their situations that they have been through are a lot like the ones that I have experienced.

Throughout the novel, there are many references and indications about paper. Paper is very important especially to Leon because being a man whose legal identity is based on a piece of paper; it has become more important to him than anything else he owns. Leon came to America on a ship and had to falsify papers in order to make him legible to stay in the country. For Leon, living "in this country, paper is more precious than blood" (p.). Paper is the only thing that gives life and existence to Leon, so he values all the documents that he has. Paper proves important in Leon's life because one time when he was going to apply for social security, he was not recognized because he did not have the proper documents with him. Without those false papers, Leon is socially and economically powerless in a white American society. The following quotation describes how his papers have a greater meaning and also give him power

All the letters addressed to Leon should prove to the people at the social security office that this country was his place, too. Leon had paid; Leon had earned his rights. American dollars. American time. These letters marker his time and they marked his endurance. Leon was a paper son. (p.58)

Other than providing existence, the papers that Leon kept reminded him about the past, which was something Leon also treasured deeply. When Leila opened Leon's suitcase, it was as if she was entering his past. She gets quite frustrated at first and considers the idea of gathering all Leons papers, burning his secrets and maybe his answers, and then scattering the ashes into the bay (60). Leon had kept everything, from rejection letters, old photos to old newspaper clippings. Leila said that seeing those old letters "held a truth about Leon I wasn't sure I wanted to know" (p.58). She eventually comes to understand and realize that Leon kept all these things because "he believed time mattered", the "old made good". Leon even had a tradition of honouring paper, and described how writing is "sacred". For Leon, saving all of his papers is essential because "for a paper son, paper is blood" (p.61).

Bones are something that carried a lot of symbolism to the story as well. There are many references to them and they give a lot of meaning in Leila's family. The Bones that are mainly mentioned are the ones that belonged to Grandpa Leong. To Leon, he believed that all the bad luck in their family resulted from the fact that he did not send Leong's bones back to China as he had promised to. So whenever anything went wrong, like losing a job, their bad business in the Ong and Leong laundry, and even Ona dying, Leon would "blame the bones". There was a time where Leon sort of lost it and went back to the cemetery to look for the bones that belonged to Grandpa Leong. But Leon could not locate them and all he did was shake his head and say "'no more, no more'" referring to the lost bones. Other than Grandpa Leong's bones which were mentioned in the story, I noticed that pigeon bones were also talked about in the novel. When Leila talked about how they ate pigeons when they were young, there was one line that Mah said which really stuck out. She said "bones are sweeter than you know" (p 1). The interpretation that I got from this sentence was Mah telling her daughters to value their bones and who they are, to not take anything for granted because she wants "clean bones, no waste".

For a Chinese family living in a western society, paper and bone are important symbols of life. The papers that Leon owns give their family existence, value, and roots. They remind the family that they are Chinese and how hard it was to come and survive in a foreign country with so much expectation from friends and relatives in their homeland. More importantly, the papers symbolize the past, filled with achievements and humiliation, something that they should never forget because "the past gives power to the present". Bones are something that means a lot to the Chinese. Bones bring respect and also symbolize a time period. Having your bones being brought back and buried in your home country is very special because it signifies where your family was established. There is an old Chinese saying that the blood came from the mother and the bones from the father (105) and that fates can be divined by the weighing of our bones (15). That is why it is so symbolic to them.

Please note that this sample paper on english is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on english, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on english will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Smoking

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on smoking. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality smoking paper right on time.

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Cigarette smoking is the most significant cause of lung cancer and also the leading cause of death in both men and women. Cigarette smoking is accountable for at least one-third of deaths of cancer annually in the United States. Cigarette smoking is an addiction that can be prevented. However, once a person inhales a cigarette it becomes an addiction that can cause lung cancer, heart disease, and other health effects which I think people should be aware of. Smoking involves inhaling and absorbing nicotine into the bloodstream and traveling it to the brain which causes an addictive effect. Every time the smoker's serum nicotine level falls below the minimum limit, he/she experiences drug withdrawal which makes him/her to become tense, anxious, and irritable. This feeling of dependency on nicotine makes the smoker to continue to smoke, therefore those who continue to smoke will continue to be in a constant battle of maintaining their serum nicotine level. Nevertheless it is best to never start smoking because once a puff is inhaled, you will become addicted to nicotine and continue to crave for it. People commonly start smoking when they were a teenager. Some teenagers smoke because they want to be rebellious, however, the most common reason is peer pressure. Teenagers start smoking because they think it will give them a better image like being cooler, more attractive, or more popular. However, some people say they smoke because they are unhappy, unsatisfied, nervous, bored, anxious, lonely, tired or just

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frustrated without their cigarettes. Other reasons are that cigarettes keep them thin, help them think better, or they are more sociable while smoking. On the contrary, cigarette smoking can cause serious health problems. Health problems such as symptoms, diseases, and cancer which can be fatal.

Nicotine has both stimulant and depressant effects on the central nervous system. It can cause many symptoms such as; alertness or relaxation, changes in mood and behavior, diarrhea, increased pulse and blood pressure, nausea and vomiting, and tremors. There are also risks of experiencing withdrawal symptoms, such as; stress, anxiety, depression, or boredom. Smoking causes many symptoms and it can also cause serious damage to one's health. Smoking is responsible for most cancers of the larynx, oral cavity, esophagus, and lung cancer. In addition, it is highly associated with the development of. bladder, kidney, pancreatic, and cervical cancers. Tobacco use can also cause chronic bronchitis, coronary artery disease and other forms of heart disease, such as; emphysema and gastro esophageal reflux disease. Tobacco also is a factor in causing decreased life expectancy, gray hair and baldness, high blood pressure, infertility in men and women, increased risk for bone fractures, premature wrinkles and a weakened immune system. Most experience heart attacks, strokes, or other circulatory conditions. Nevertheless, cigarette smoking is a serious addiction that causes serious health problems that people should be aware of. Cigarette smoking is an addiction that can cause significant damage to ones health. It is also the leading cause of lung cancer death in both men and women. However, it is an addiction that can be prevented; which is to never smoke at all. Once a

Wilson puff is inhaled, the nicotine is absorbed into the body causing an addictive effect. I believe that people should start thinking of the effects that nicotine can do to their lives. I truly do not think that smoking is worth risking a person's life. I know that there are serious consequences of smoking, which is why I am not a smoker. I have thought about taking a puff to see why people like to smoke but I always thought about the risks which is why I never even tried it at all. I know that nicotine is an addictive chemical that can cause cancer and other serious damage to the body. I experienced and saw what nicotine can do. My uncle had past away a couple of months ago from lung cancer which was caused by his dependency on smoking. I would think about the consequences before I act upon doing something and there are many serious consequences of smoking. Once you inhale a cigarette, it becomes an addiction and in the long run will cause damage to the health. So, think before you act and know the consequences that it can do to you and the ones that you love. Works CitedThe Washington Times. 00. "Blowing Smoke." July 00. http//www.washingtontimes.com/op-ed/00051-05610-6057r.htmDetroit Free Press. 00. "No Smoking." July 00. http//www.freep.com/voices/editorials/esmoke_000.htmThe Seattle Times. 00. "Smoking Ruins." July 00. http//seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/editorialsoppinion/satlets1.htmlFoodservice News. 001. "Hundreds of Restaurants to go smoke-free for a day." July 00. http//www.foodservice.com/001/11/1/eng-starnews_business.html Please note that this sample paper on smoking is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on smoking, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on smoking will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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The changes to the supervision and training of staff

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HEALTH Values and Principles H100 Health is the condition in which individuals and communities achieve their full physical, intellectual, social and spiritual potential. Health for individuals is only possible in the context of a healthy environment and society. The healthy society is one which guarantees a safe and clean environment; material security for all its citizens; good work; adequate housing; a balanced and unpolluted diet and clean water; appropriate education; a safe transport system; accessible and sensitive public services; equality of opportunity; a secure present and hope for the future. All Green Party policies are designed to promote the health of individuals, communities and society. H101 Ill health exists at many levels; a diseased organ within a stressed person, a sick individual within an uncaring society, or a sick society within an overstrained and collapsing ecosystem. To achieve improved individual, social and environmental health, effective interventions at all levels are needed. Current theory and practice place too much emphasis on interventions at the biochemical and individual levels, too little on the social and ecological. Achieving better health requires a balanced, integrated and holistic understanding and approach.

H10 Health services are not in themselves a major determinant of the public health. Increased investment in health services alone will generate little improvement in the conventional indicators of health and disease. Furthermore, expansion of health services on the basis of indiscriminate economic growth will inevitably be counterproductive, since such growth itself damages health at the individual, social and ecological levels. However, willingness and ability to care for the sick and disabled are essential features of a compassionate society. Free market mechanism alone cannot adequately meet health needs, or effectively constrain costs. Proper health care for all, and the responsible use of resources, both require the continued provision of well-funded health services. H100 Health services can create dependence on the part of users, which is itself unhealthy. Individuals can through properly informed choice, and when adequately supported, acquire much greater responsibility for their own health, and the health of their families. However, true freedom of choice cannot be exercised without the economic and political power to choose, at present denied to the majority. AimsH00 To promote public health through policies designed to secure a healthy urban and rural environment, healthy work, healthy agriculture and food, healthy education, a healthy transport system and healthy local economic development. (FD00s) H01 To devise new economic models using quality of life and health indicators as the target variables to be optimised. Policies to achieve these targets will be integrated into overall economic strategy. Health-promoting policies will be mediated by social investment at national, regional and community levels. H0 To develop a new public health consciousness, which, through individual and collective action, will challenge vested interests and promote the personal, social and political changes needed to achieve improved states of health. H0 To develop health services which place as much emphasis on illness prevention, health promotion and the development of individual and community self-reliance as on the treatment and cure of disease. Such services will of necessity be empowering, participatory and democratic and their development will be guided by users own perceptions of their health needs. PoliciesH00 Health services must be effective, efficient, comprehensive, accountable and equally available to all. Effective health services will deploy a broad range of interventions, operative at many levels pharmaceuticals, surgery, psychological therapies, complementary and alternative medicine, and community and social interventions will be used where appropriate. All services will be available without charge at the time of need. Community Health Centres. H01 Funding will be diverted away from centralised facilities towards community health care, illness prevention and health promotion. Community Health Centres will be the focal points for self-help and community-based initiatives and will also provide a full range of services including primary health care, and health education and health promotion programmes. A variety of specialist services, in particular midwifery, obstetrics, family planning, counselling and psychiatry, will also be available. The midwifery and obstetric service will be such that a real option of home delivery is created. To permit the availability of the widest possible range of services and interventions, staff will be organised into multi-disciplinary teams. The public will be provided with easier direct access to nurse practitioners and other non-medical health workers, including social workers, counsellors, clinical psychologists and complementary therapists. Please note that this sample paper on The changes to the supervision and training of staff is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on The changes to the supervision and training of staff, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on The changes to the supervision and training of staff will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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FRiday night lights book review

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Friday Night Lights Book Review

Friday Night Lights, by H.G. Bissinger, is about a classic example of a small town in Texas, a town called Odessa. Odessa is a town like most Texas towns, it was founded because of its oil, every body seems to know each other, and the Hispanics and Mexicans coming over the border have flooded it. But there is one more thing about Odessa. This is football.

Odessa has one of the greatest high school football programs in the country. Students from other states come to Odessa, just to get a chance to play, or watch a football game at Permian High School. Despite the great legends Permian High School has earned over the years of its football, there are also consequences.

Football is the only thing that brings the town together. People live for Friday night. Every player has his own life, but the center of it is football. Each of the players has their own peppette, a high school girl, devoted to them. These girls make a huge sign to put in the player's yard for the season, posters for the game, cookies and other sweets, and they put on huge pep rallies every Friday morning. For almost every single Odessa Resident, if there weren't a football team, they wouldn't have anything to live for.

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This town may sound unreal, but its values are extremely important to the residents. Once you are out of high school, your life just drags on, until you have children, and once again you can relive the Permian High School glory days of football.

High school football was the absolute most important aspect in the town of Odessa. Money was spent around it, the football coach was paid $48,000, while the head of the English department, with a master's degree and twenty years of experience was paid $,000. The football coaches were given brand new computers almost every year, while the school had just received its first computer. $70,000 was spent every year for chartered jets to a football game at Midland High School, which was 500 miles away from Odessa.

Racism was also a huge dispute in Odessa. Ever since the desegregation of schools, there had been problems in Odessa. Although a black or Hispanic football player would be given the same respect on the football field as anyone else, off the field, things were usually different. Black and Hispanic families were often treated with racism. Odessa had been rated one of the towns with the highest murder rates of blacks and Hispanics.

Academics were also another factor much less important in Odessa than football. Most of the time, teachers would teach for the first ten minutes of class, and then for the remaining forty minutes of class, they were given time to basically do whatever they wanted. Teachers along with the students thought nothing could top the Friday night game. There was no academic probation for students, if they couldn't even reach the bare minimum. Many of the players had the knowledge of a twelve year old. Trying in school didn't matter; performing on the football field was what mattered. If the football team did well, the town was content, despite its low scores on standardized tests. If the football team did bad, more emphasis was put on forgetting the test, and working on plays and getting ready for the next game.

In conclusion, this book goes to show that although high school football can be a great experience for a high school student, it shouldn't be the center of a town. But it is in some towns still today. It is a terrible example for a town to be okay with the way schools don't care about it's student's grades, only about whether or not the football team will win the state championship that year. A town in America shouldn't revolve around the Friday night-lights.

In the book, Friday Night Lights, I learned a lot about how some towns emerge. Many small Texas towns were founded strictly for oil. Before long, these towns filled up with wild cowboy men, looking for bars (which became very popular businesses in these small towns,) and prostitutes, which were also in high numbers.

The town of Odessa was split in two, like many towns in Texas. There was southern Odessa and northern Odessa. Southern Odessa was mostly run down cheap houses, where mostly blacks and Hispanics lived, and northern Odessa was a richer, white section of town, where almost everyone was racist.

Not only was the town split, but the high schools were also split. There was Permian High School, for mostly northern Odessa white children, (in 188, when the book takes place, the school was made up by 6% whites, and % Hispanic, with the remaining 8% blacks or other ethnic groups.) There was also Odessa High School, which was for mostly southern Odessa Hispanic and black children.

This town, like many others, was extremely reliant on the oil. In 181, a record 4,50 drilling rigs were running the United States. Ten months later, that number dropped to ,7. Unemployment increased, and banks, especially the First National Bank, which got into hundreds of millions of dollars in debt.

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Powell v. Alabama

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I'm writing this paper to address two specific Supreme Court Decisions that have had a major impact on an individual's Constitutional Rights. The Bill of Rights, which protects all citizens from government infringement, was violated in these two cases but rectified by Supreme Court action. The two cases that I will address are Powell v. Alabama, which occurred in 1 in Alabama, and Gideon v. Wainwright, which occurred in Florida in 16.In Powell v. Alabama nine black youths were arrested and charged with the rape of two white girls. The offense is said to have been committed on a freight train traveling through Alabama. A fight took place between the nine black youths and seven white boys and two white girls. The white boys were thrown off the train and a message was sent ahead reporting the fight. A sheriff's posse met the train in Scottboro, Alabama and the posse seized the black youths. The record, of the case, indicates that all of the black youths were ignorant and illiterate and all of them were residents of other states. The "boys" (as they were referred to) were kept under military protection because of the hostility in the community. Immediately after the indictment the "boys" were arraigned and plead not guilty, they were not asked whether they were able to employ counsel, or wished to have counsel appointed or whether they had friends or relatives who could assist. Powell v. Alabama was the first of the ensuing rape trials. Powell's argument addressed the lack of legal representation that he was given. The day of the trial, the attorney appointed to his case refused to represent him; the judge ordered any attorney present in the court room to serve as the boy's legal counsel and they all refused. Once counsel willing to represent him was found, the attorney had no time to review the case and only half an hour to meet with his client before the hearing. Because of the inadequate defense, Powell was sentenced to die along with his eight friends. The issue before The Supreme Court was the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment incorporates the right to counsel in a capital case? The Supreme Court voted yes (7-) and reversed the verdict because of its belief that poor people facing the death penalty must be provided with counsel, stating "…there is a certain principal of Justice which adhere to the very idea of free government, which no [State] may disregard." Justices Butler and McReynolds dissented on the facts that the record failed to reveal that the petitioners had been deprived of any rights guaranteed by the Federal Constitution and thought the judgement should be affirmed.

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The necessity of counsel was vital and the failure of the trial court to appoint counsel was a denial of due process within the meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment. This decision was extended to include all people facing criminal proceedings in Gideon v. Wainwright (16). Gideon v. Wainwright is another Supreme Court Decision that deals with an individual's Sixth and Fourteenth Amendment rights. In Gideon v. Wainwright The Supreme Court had to decide if the due process clause of the Fourth Amendment incorporate the Sixth Amendment right to court-appointed counsel for all indigent criminal defendants, they unanimously agreed. The facts Gideon v. Wainwright are as follows Clarence Gideon was arrested for attempting to break and enter a poolroom with the intent to commit a misdemeanor (breaking into a pool hall and taking money from the vending machine) in Florida. Under Florida State law, this was a felony. At his hearing, Gideon, who was illiterate and had no money to hire a competent attorney requested counsel be appointed. The Court denied his request noting a Florida law that allowed counsel only in capital-offense cases. The trial judge ruled that Gideon was competent enough to handle his own defense. Gideon went to trial and did the best that he could defending himself but he was found guilty and sentenced to five years in jail. Gideon appealed to the Supreme Court, stating his right to counsel under the Fourteenth Amendment had been violated. The court incorporated the Sixth Amendment's rights to counsel and reversed the conviction, allowing him to be retried. By doing this, the Supreme Court declared that all defendants in felony cases had the right to an attorney. Justice Hugo Black, writing for the majority, stated that the Court was "It is unfair to expect a poor man to defend himself during a criminal trial without assistance of counsel. Federal criminal defendants have had this right for many years. The Right to Counsel is fundamental. We overturn Betts v. Brady (14). Gideon was given a new trial with an attorney. The jury found he was innocent of the charges and acquitted him. I think both of these cases are great examples of how the Constitutional Rights of all citizens can be Please note that this sample paper on Powell v. Alabama is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Powell v. Alabama, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on Powell v. Alabama will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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The anatomy of the lungs

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Hello. How are you doing? I have a huge paper due tommorrow, and want to work off of one of the papers on this site-- dont get me worng now. I am not plagerizing it, but quite simply, copying, pasting, and revising it to suit the over-demanding expectations of the IB curriculum, as well as the ridiculous new English teacher I have this year. Well, thats my essay. By the end of Book II in Gullivers Travels, it is very clear that the character of Gulliver is not the same man who wrote the letter in the beginning of the story. In fact, he is not the same man he was in Book I.

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From the onset of Gullivers Travels, Swift creates for us a seemingly competent character and narrator in Gulliver. In his account we learn how his adventures have changed him and his perception of people, for the central theme of this story is how human nature and reason reflect society. On the whole, Gulliver is a very frustrating character to deal with for a number of reasons. For example, hes not steady; this unsteadiness as a narrator leads us to question the validity of what Gulliver tells us. This means that we have to be on our guard against what he says, and even though hes our guide, we cant follow him everywhere, which is just what Swift wanted. Gulliver makes many apologies for himself and his actions and puts us the reader emotionally involved in the story. Gulliver seems to direct a good deal of hostility toward us, creating a tinge of hostility back at him. Ultimately, Gulliver works as a narrator because we can relate to him and as a result find him engaging. We too can jump from emotion to emotion, but in the long run, Swift is not attempting to create an Everyman. This Gulliver is not, by any means a wholly allegorical character, but as much an individual as the next person. In certain ways, Gulliver proves to be more resilient than the average man by managing to survive the disaster shipwrecks and people so foreign they might as well be aliens. Still in other ways Gulliver is a naive person, bereft of decency and consideration. Gulliver is an entirely credible and probable person at the same time that he is precisely the person to be the instrument for Swifts satire. In his incredible circumstances, Gulliver shows himself to be very resourceful and observant of his surroundings. With that he changes in relation to the places he visits and the events that befall him as he voyages. As a traveler in Lilliput, hes careful in his observations and complete in his descriptions. Occupied as he is with the surface of things, we see Gullivers problem of not seeing with eyes wide open. Gulliver wanes in his judgment of character as he becomes more and more narrow-minded as the story progresses. So do we still see him as a good, all-around type of guy? Lest we forget that he does get knocked around while hes traveling, a primary reason for his shift in attitude. In Lilliput he seems to be eminently fair-minded compared to the cunning, vindictive, petty Lilliputians. Literally a giant in their land, Gulliver never takes unfair advantage of his size in his dealing with them. Though theyre violent with him, he never retaliates. However in Brobdingnag, Gulliver appears Lilliputian in more ways than one. Still, his size is a dire problem. He is frequently injured, as the kings dwarf takes out his frustrations on Gulliver, but the latter is an improvement from his job as a freak at village fairs. Ultimately, Gulliver has a hard time keeping it together under the strain of repeated attacks on his ego, and in his dealings with the Brobdingnagian king, Gulliver appears as nasty and cruel as the Lilliputians themselves. This is his tone when he returns to England, an angry man who thinks himself more a Brobdingnagian than anything else. Topic # Satire in "Gulliver's Travels"Jonathan Swift displays a clever use of satire in "Gulliver's Travels". From what I know about 18th Century British Parliament, Swift would have been severely penalized for openly condemning the Parliament, so he had to find a way around the penalty system. His answer to this predicament was a skillfully disguised condemnation of bureaucracy within the whimsical, humorous misadventures of Lemuel Gulliver. Perhaps, because Swift is an Irishman, and he often wrote petitions to the English Parliament to lower their oppressive taxes, he might use this novel to criticize unreasonable taxing. During Gulliver's voyage to Laputa, he visits the Grand Academy of Lagado. In the school of political projectors, Gulliver overhears a debate between two professors; "The first professor proposed a method of taxing man on his vices and follies, with his neighbors acting as jury…The second professor disagreed, saying that each man should decide how seductive, witty, and valiant he is…each woman should decide how beautiful and fasionable she is" (Swift 05). Then, the professor suggests to lay a tax on the citizens' virtue and beauty. This "debate" is an excellent satire of some of the absurd measures of taxing that England's Parliament had lain upon their colonies.Revision Goals choose a specific topic

make thesis more specific

find an "attention getter"

organize into proper essay format

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Frankenstein

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Frankenstein By Joe BokkAbandoning Satan In Mary Shelly's Frankenstein, the author employ's several different themes to suggest a tone of tragedy. Those include abandonment, tragic flaw, and the punishment exceeds the crime. The two main characters, Victor Frankenstein and his monster, are deemed as tragic heroes in Shelly's novel. Webster defines a hero as "a person noted for feats of courage or nobility of purpose, especially one who has risked or sacrificed his or her life." Frankenstein and his monster each have their own levels of tragedy. Shelly also supplies each character with flaws and imperfections. The punishments for creating the monster are greatly harsher than the crime of creating it. Abandonment is the first main theme in the novel. Abandonment is defined as "to give up completely and to desert"(Webster 1). Both Frankenstein and his creation go through several different episodes of abandonment. Frankenstein abandons his family, his creation, and his homeland. The monster abandons his non-evil state of mind, and then society. Young Victor abandons his monster because of its wretchedness. What began as a man ends up a mockery, and a "hideous being of gigantic structure"(Tropp 6). Victor barely even thinks twice about leaving his creation. The shear ugliness of it took over all thought of whether it could be good or evil or if it needed anything. The monster had "no father [to watch his] infant days" and, "no mother to bless [him] with smiles"(87). The monster was a "poor, helpless, miserable wretch," with no one to turn to (7). When the creation woke up Victor instantly left the building. The creator never saw his creation after that until he was detained by it. The creation was left to "struggle with a child's blindness, added to a student's thirst for knowledge" (). Frankenstein's next episode of abandonment tears him away from his family. Victor leaves home to go study at college. In the mean time his family and his beloved Elizabeth got left out of his priorities. He wished to exert "his own selfhood" over others (Walling 45). Frankenstein, "so deeply engraved in [his] occupation," never ceased to think about his family. He thought only of himself and how to command the powers of life as he worked so diligently on his creation and studies. He misses seven years of his family's life in consequence to his actions. During this time many thing happen at home that will lead up to the death of several family members and his own fate with the monster. He is unable to explain what he means by his self reproaches because, "of course, the very existence of the monster is a secret" which he cannot share (Small 17). Victor's last offence of abandonment is abandoning his homeland. He abandons his homeland in search for power which man cannot possess. He desires to "raise himself to eminence" to make him feel unique (Walling 6). Frankenstein abandons his country again to chase the monster in revenge of the death of his family member and to make sure that he does not continue his killing spree. He "burned with rage" to pursue the "murderer of [his] peace (14). The monster is not free from this offence. It completes two episodes of abandonment. It abandons its good nature, then society as a whole. The monster was not born evil. The monster "being capable of good," is made clear by its own story (Intro ). The monster, spurned by everyone, changes his thought. After trying to fit in as a human being and becoming a "master of their language"(80), he left his "feelings of affection, and they were requited by destation and scorn" (14). After it learns to read and deciphers the notes left by Frankenstein in the garments the monster took, the monster figures out what he really is an realizes that he will never be part of society. He then wants revenge on Frankenstein. He abandons his self-taught morals of good and turns evil. He begins to slowly make his creator suffer as he did by killing some of his family members. The monster tells Victor, "If I have no affections, hatred and vice must be my portion" (108). This means that he will no longer care and chooses to use evil revenge to replace what should have been. The monster also chooses to abandon society. The monster soon learns of his place in the world and that he will never be accepted. He then chooses to remain absent from the society of man. The monster is "miserable from the inclemency of the season, and still more from the barbarity of man (75). After scaring many people and being chased out of a village, the monster take refuge in a small hut and remains their in a "state of utter and stupid despair" to stay away from the humans (100). He comes out only at night to quench his thirst and equate his hunger. The creation will try one more time at being human but will fail miserably. He then abandons society for good, and stops trying to learn or be like any human. He then decides he needs a mate so that they can leave and never be seen by society. In the novel both characters have tragic flaws that make them susceptible to each other, themselves, and society. Frankenstein has two major flaws. He cares only for his work and wishes to become godlike because of it. The monster also has two major flaws. He is Satan-like and is ugly and wretched beyond belief. Tragic flaws keep characters from get Word Count 6

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Fashion in the 1500s

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The clothing of the Elizabethan period was filled with high head- dresses, floor-scraping gowns, and everything else in between.During this period, females of a higher class dressed to meet the expectation of society. They were expected to be presented as exquisite object of their husbands or fathers, and to dress the part at all times. The clothing that the women were presented in, immediately told rank in society and to whom she belonged. Each higher-class male had a specific feature for the wife or daughter's clothing: specific color, slight variation in style, or specific headdress. This explained to the on-looker who "owns" these females. Clothing was one of the most important details of this period, and without them, the era would drastically be changed.1500-1550Gowns – From about 1500 to 1525 the gowns and skirts tended to be a U or a V-shaped design. These designs were complete with fur or skin lined sleeves, high waistlines and collars, and a train. The sleeves were almost always long, with lace at the wrist, and shoulders, which "puffed" out. Many of these dresses were made with excessive layers of cloth, forming the chest, waist, and length of the skirt.

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Up to about 1525, there was little novelty to report. About 1530, the square décolletage* tended to be an arched form. The décolleté fitted closely, while trains shrunk away till the full skirt just reached to ground, all the way around. Between 1535- 1540 the skirts seemed to be funnel shaped. The sleeve swells from the shoulder to the vast bell-mouth, where it turned back in a huge cuff, around the elbow. These sleeves were often fur-lined, for extra warmth. Later in the era, the skirts seemed to flare out more, in order for them to cover the petti-coats. Hair – Except for the "gable*," the visible front hair was mostly parted smoothly from the center in flat bandeaux. With the gable, however, went to rolls*, either braided spirally with ribbon or enclosed in cases of striped silk. The rolls filled up space between the angles of the gable and the forehead. Shoes – The toes of the shoes were often cut very square. For a closure, ribbon or a buckle was often used. Toward the end of this era, the shoes began to get much more narrow, and the toe began to round off. Boots were very big during this time period. They tied to the mid- calf, having lace and ribbons protruding from the top.Accessories – The girdle might have been the narrow sash kind, or had a long hanging end. They would have been richly mounted, and descending from the buckle in front. Jewels, especially pearls, were worn in the shoes, headdress, around the neck and finger, and as broaches. 1550-1600Gowns, Bodice*, and Petticoats – Even though one-piece gowns are found in the higher ranks of society, throughout this period it would (in most cases) be easier to treat the bodies as a separate part of the skirt. There was one form of loose upper gown, which cannot be considered separate. It consisted of a standing collar, buttoned or tied at the throat. It stands open in a wide V-shape from the breast to the foot, over the inner robe.The bodice formed a long waisted, dropping to a sharp point in the front. The arched décolletage, taken over by a high neck and chemisette*, lasted through this entire period. The skirt and petticoat remained in their original funnel shape. Many of the petticoats contained stiff hoops from the waist to the hem with graduated bands, made of cane, wire, or whalebone. Some times only a single hoop at the hem would do fine. (This is where we get today's terminology of the hoop skirt.) Hair – The hair was waved or curled and puffed out over the temples on either side of a central parting. About 1575, the parting slowly to vanish, and the front hair was pulled off the forehead in a roll, or over a wire frame into twin arches above the brow. The headdress was still is fashion, but the gable style faded into a more circular. Shoes – Toes were faintly pointed or round. They covered the whole foot up to ankle. Most were made of leather, and a small whole was left in either side for ventilation. The shoes rose up to the ankles, and ribbon ties progressively became larger. Heels, once adopted, were tall and square, and for full dresses were colored red, as was the edge of the sole. Boots very rare, except for traveling.Accessories – Hair dye, paint, powder, masks, silken scarves, and jewelry of every description were freely patronized. Fans (often slung by a cord from the waist) were very much encouraged. Gloves were very fashionable for all year round, and muffs were used in the winters. Tiny Hand mirrors often dangled form the girdle. The clothing of the Elizabethan period was very vast, and forever changing. Must of today's styles and terminology originated from this period in time, and without the changes and aspects of this time, clothing today would not be "as we know it." Please note that this sample paper on fashion in the 1500s is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on fashion in the 1500s, we are here to assist you. Your custom paper on fashion in the 1500s will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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